2) \(\dfrac{5}{x}+\dfrac{y}{4}=\dfrac{1}{8}\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{5}{x}=\dfrac{1}{8}-\dfrac{y}{4}\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{5}{x}=\dfrac{1}{8}-\dfrac{2y}{8}\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{5}{x}=\dfrac{1-2y}{8}\)

\(\Rightarrow x\left(1-2y\right)=40\)

Vì \(1-2y\) luôn là số lẻ nên \(1-2y\in\left\{\pm1;\pm5\right\}\)

\(\Rightarrow y=\left\{0;1;-2;3\right\}\)

\(\Rightarrow x\in\left\{40;-40;8;-8\right\}\)

Vậy các cặp số x,y thỏa mãn là \(\left(0;40\right);\left(1;-40\right);\left(-2;8\right);\left(3;-8\right)\)

Ta có :

\(B=\dfrac{2000+2001}{2001+2002}=\dfrac{2000}{2001+2002}+\dfrac{2001}{2001+2002}\)

Mặt khác :

\(\dfrac{2000}{2001}>\dfrac{2000}{2001+2002}\)

\(\dfrac{2001}{2002}>\dfrac{2001}{2001+2002}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow A=\dfrac{2000}{2001}+\dfrac{2001}{2002}>\dfrac{2000}{2001+2002}+\dfrac{2001}{2001+2002}=\dfrac{2000+2001}{2001+2002}=B\)

\(\Leftrightarrow A>B\)

Ta có: B =20002001+2002 +20012001+2002

Mặt khác: 20002001 >20002001+2002

20012002 >20012001+2002

Suy ra 20002001 +20012002 >20002001+2002 +20012001+2002

hay A> B

Vậy A > B.

\(\dfrac{x-1}{2011}+\dfrac{x-2}{2010}-\dfrac{x-3}{2009}=\dfrac{x-4}{2008}\)

<=> \(\left(\dfrac{x-1}{2011}-1\right)+\left(\dfrac{x-2}{2010}-1\right)-\left(\dfrac{x-3}{2009}-1\right)=\left(\dfrac{x-4}{2008}-1\right)\)

<=> \(\dfrac{x-2012}{2011}+\dfrac{x-2012}{2010}-\dfrac{x-2012}{2009}-\dfrac{x-2012}{2008}=0\)

<=> \(\left(x-2012\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{2011}+\dfrac{1}{2010}-\dfrac{1}{2009}-\dfrac{1}{2008}\right)=0\)

<=> x - 2012 = 0

<=> x = 2012